Polyphenols

Polyphenols are a large and diverse group of naturally occurring compounds found in plant foods. They are particularly abundant in foods such as fruits, vegetables, tea, coffee, cocoa, herbs, spices, nuts and seeds.

Thousands of different polyphenols have been identified, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, stilbenes and lignans. They have a range of functions in plants, including contributing to colour, flavour and protection against environmental stresses.

In nutrition research, higher intakes of polyphenol-rich foods have been associated with various health benefits. Polyphenols may influence health through several mechanisms, including effects on cell signalling, inflammation, blood-vessel function and the gut microbiome. However, their effects vary considerably between compounds, foods and individuals.

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